Ramsey Electronics MR6 Bedienerhandbuch PDF herunterladen (Seite 5)

ECG1 • 5

This filling and pushing action is accomplished using specialized one way

valves. There are four of these valves, one for each chamber. These valves

allow the blood to exit when

the chamber contracts,

then close to allow the

chamber to fill with fresh

blood for the next beat.

The right side of the heart

is devoted to pumping the

oxygen depleted blood to

the lungs. After the lungs

have oxygenated the blood

it is returned to the left side

of the heart where it is

pumped throughout the

body.

Setting the “Pace”

As long ago as 1855,

researchers Kollicker and Mueller discovered that when a motor nerve from a

frog’s leg was laid over its beating heart, the leg would kick with a regular beat.

In 1901 this research lead Dr. Willem Einthoven to create a simple machine

that could observe and record the electric impulses created in the heart muscle.

The invention was called an e

lectrokardiogram, or EKG (note that the modern

English spelling is electrocardiogram or ECG. These names are commonly

interchanged). Einthoven noted the characteristic waveform created by the

heart had specific regularities which he defined as the P, QRS, and T waves

(more about this later).

Our modern research has more clearly defined the electrical operation that

takes place with each beat.

The Sinoatrial (SA) node,

located in the right atrium sets

the natural pace of the heart

rhythm. This nerve causes both

atria to contract together,

depolarizing the charge in the

cells, while filling both

ventricles with blood. The

electrical impulse has now

traveled to the Atrioventricular

node (AV), then through the

bundle of His, where it

branches to both the left and

Left atrium

Right ventricle

Right atrium

Tricuspid valve

Left ventricle

Mitral valve

Pulmonary valve

Aortic valve

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